In metallic cutting process, because be happened to be out of shape by the metal of treatment, cutting tool and cut chafe ceaselessly between bits, cutting tool and workpiece and produce cutting force and cutting temperature, affected the cutting efficiency, service life that machines quality and cutting tool severely. Accordingly, how to reduce cutting force and drop cutting temperature, it is one of cutting treatment serious problem. Carry out a proof, reasonable choose cutting fluid, can improve treatment efficiency, reduce already machined exterior surface roughness, lengthen cutting tool life to wait. The property that presses cutting fluid differentiates, cutting fluid can be divided for pure oily with water-solubility two kinds big. Basis of water-solubility cutting fluid of composition different, can divide again for fluid of emulsion, half synthesis (small emulsion) , synthetic fluid 3 kinds. Small emulsion is interpose the new-style cutting fluid between emulsion and synthetic fluid, it is fluid of afterwards emulsification cutting, synthetic cutting fluid later, the new generation product of fluid of water radical cutting, it is small emulsification oil what classics water forms times higher after dilute is small lacteal, translucent liquid. Small emulsion overcame emulsion easy corruption, clean function difference and synthetic cutting fluid to erode difference of face of machine tool lacquer, lubricant function to wait for blemish, avoided the malady such as smeary pollution, mildewy metamorphism, integrated emulsion and the advantage that compound fluid, have oily, the depth double extremely pressure, lubricant, cooling, antirust and clean ability, the good chance that is new generation machines lubricant and cooling medium. Principle and application (1) principle machines the relation between the cutting tool in the process and workpiece in metallic cutting very complex, also existing because of different cutting process very big difference, the diagnostic essentially similar in Cheng of Dan Jirun glide. Main in metallic cutting process existence wears 3 kinds to be out of shape area: (If pursue) Ⅰ is out of shape area, be allotted to give birth to plasticity to be out of shape in the action of cutting tool by cutting metal layer, generation cuts slippage. Ⅱ is out of shape area, when eduction of face of the knife before the edge that cut bits, the extruding of face of the knife before getting further and attrition, make the metallic fiber of place of face of the knife before standing by is changed. Ⅲ is out of shape area, the extruding that already machined face of the knife after the surface is mixed partly by cutting blade blunt circle, attrition and spring back, cause fiber to change treatment sclerosis. Be out of shape from these 3 cutting fluid may enter Ⅰ to be out of shape scarcely in light of the area area, what enter likely is Ⅱ , Ⅲ is out of shape area. Cutting fluid is passed cut bits and before between knife face, reach the little space that exists between cutting blade and workpiece surface to be permeated be out of shape area, in cutting tool with what cut bits, cutting tool and work apparently form adsorptive film, assume attrib border and lubricant position, face of the knife before it was reduced and cut bits, hind knife face and already machined the surface the attrition between and be out of shape, had lubricant, cooling effect. Accordingly, of cutting fluid choosing is all in all, its lubricity, cooling sex and cleaning a gender is the basic function that the requirement in machining has. What the basis machines is different, the function of chosen cutting fluid also has its side key, when if be in,attacking whorl with tap, usually the lubricant function of fluid of side overweight cutting; But when machining blind aperture whorl, the cleans gender and treatment post-cleaning difficult easy degree of cutting fluid criterion all in all; And in grinding treatment process, emphasize particularly on to be reached at the refrigeration of cutting fluid clean function to wait. Accordingly, when choosing cutting fluid must discreet, should machine material of method, spare parts to wait for a respect to consider in the round character according to what differ. And small emulsion is reached in lubricant, refrigeration clean wait for the good performance with each integrated respect, chose cutting fluid season to restrict a lot of agreement time for us. Be in in small latex with respect to us below the applied situation that studies the aspect such as thread machining and grinding treatment makes brief introduction. (The 2) application in attacking thread machining normally, attacking what use when whorl is a kind pure oily, mushy cutting fluid, namely Bai Houqi + the cutting juice that right amount engine oil or kerosene make, common says " lead is oily " , what otherwise breaks need to go to plumbic oil daub when attacking whorl cutting tool (tap) on. As a result of the configuration of plumbic oil, the refrigeration that decided plumbic oil, clean ability to be not worth badly. In practice we know, the oil that use lead makes cutting juice, although attack whorl quality to be able to satisfy design requirement, but manufacturing efficiency is low, it is cleared and difficult to cut bits, and easy conglutinate is in plumbic oil whorl surface, it is very difficult to clean, the whorl blind aperture on large to treatment part, difficult especially serious. To solve this one difficult problem, replace plumbic oil with water-solubility cutting fluid, it is a measure that we consider. For this, our experiment a variety of synthetic cutting juice that different manufacturer produces, but all very not ideal. Although synthetic cutting fluid has good refrigeration, clean a function, but lubricant performance is poor, bring about attack whorl quality to cannot satisfy design requirement, and cutting tool life is inferior also. Plumbic oil or synthetic cutting fluid are both each have actor drawback, liquid of these two kinds of cutting is used when attacking whorl, come along their merit interconnected system very hard. Later, we undertake as cutting fluid with small emulsion whorl experiments attacking. Compare through experimenting for many times, we choose appropriate cutting parameter, produce manufacturer to talk things over with small emulsion, after adjusting former fluid recipe and cutting fluid to deserve to compare chroma, the treatment quality when the screw quality of treatment synthesizes cutting fluid than using rises significantly, achieve design quality requirement completely. If the experimental result contrast of use lead oil and aperture of whorl of treatment of fluid of small emulsion cutting is expressed 1, express 2. Express life of cutting tool of M/min of speed of cutting of Mm of diameter of bottom outlet of whorl of 1 cutting fluid treatment efficiency / hour lubricity rust-preventing characteristic cleans sexual lead oil 10. 56.
5 240120 differs small emulsion well 10.
56.
5240240 good note well: Aperture of blind of deep 25mm(of M12-7H of aperture of material ZG310-570 whorl) Z3040 of tap M12-H2 machine tool expresses life of cutting tool of M/min of speed of cutting of Mm of diameter of bottom outlet of whorl of 2 cutting fluid treatment efficiency / hour lubricity rust-preventing characteristic cleans sexual lead oil 18.
55.
8180144 differ small emulsion well 18.
55.
8180216 good note well: M20X1 of aperture of material ZG310-570 whorl.
Aperture of blind of 5-7H deep 40mm() tap M20Xl.
Z3040 of 5-H2 machine tool from above the statistical result of two watches can see, regard the cutting that attacks whorl as fluid with small emulsion, machining efficiency, clean the respect such as function, the function when regarding cutting as fluid than using plumbic oil has clear improvement, whorl aperture is machined in large quantities of quantities, especially when blind aperture whorl, regard cutting as fluid with small emulsion, should get be popularizinged energetically applied. (3) small emulsion machines the medium cutting liquid that uses my company grinding to use in grinding, all the time of continue to use is emulsification oil + the emulsion that forms after water is attenuant. This cutting fluid looks from thermodynamic viewpoint belong to not stable system, easy corruption gives birth to bacterium, operating period is brief, the demand to water is higher at the same time, when content of the electrolyte in treating hard water or water is overmuch, emulsion stability can be reduced, influence of broken even breast is used. Small emulsion looks from thermodynamic viewpoint belong to stable system, do not fear hard water, dilution water can contain more electrolyte, give birth to bacterium not easily, operating period is long. We and manufacturer of production of small emulsification oil cooperate again made up the small emulsion that applies to grinding treatment, its are lubricant, cooling, antirust reach rinse function to all achieve a requirement, waited for the application of small emulsion on the machine tool to had obtained very good result in lathe of machining center, numerical control especially. Note small emulsion is interpose the cutting fluid between emulsion and synthetic fluid, have its specialty, when use need notes the following problem: (Before 1) mixes juice, should clean cistern, pipeline clean. (2) presses plan certainty ratio to make up. (The small emulsion that 3) different name, different manufacturer produces is not mixed with. (4) cannot be mixed with emulsion with. (When 5) compensatory liquid, after answering to had made up water and small emulsification oil in proportion, complement again, prohibit adding water not to add former juice only. (6) small emulsion must not be used at lubricant, refrigeration to use the device of same system, can use at the equipment of lubricant, cooling depart only. (7) should change regularly. Should become aware to have effluvial taste, or small emulsion is statified, new juice should change when becoming angry. (8) small emulsion is shown alkalescent, the skin shows weak acidity, among them surface activator has defatted effect to the skin, so long-term contact can make the skin becomes coarse, dry, reason should notice to strengthen labor protection. Epilogue is current domestic water-solubility is lubricant the development of additive is slow, restricted synthetic fluid of lubricant function rise; And in small emulsification oil, the use of water-solubility additive and additive of oily dissolve sex raised its lubricity, compare with commonly used emulsion photograph, its are permeated, clean ability to want to increase greatly, and price moderate, because this is small the application of emulsion will be wider and wider. CNC Milling