The choice of planar grinding emery wheel

The choice abrasive choice of abrasive basically depends on workpiece material and heat treatment method. A.

Grind when fighting Zhang Jiang to spend expensive stuff, choose the abrasive with big tenacity. B.

Grind hardness low, when the stuff with outspread old rate, choose more fragile abrasive. C.

When wearing the stuff with expensive hardness, choose the abrasive with taller hardness. D.

Choose be happened not easily to change the abrasive that learns reaction by treatment material. The most commonly used abrasive is palm corundum (A) with Bai Gangyu (WA) , it is black carborundum next (C) with green carborundum (GC) , the others returns corundum having chromium commonly usedly (PA) , single crystal corundum (SA) , microcrystalline corundum (MA) , zirconium corundum (ZA) . Palm corundum emery wheel: The hardness of palm corundum is tall, tenacity is big, the metal with appropriate grinding higher tensile strength, the steel that be like carbon, alloy steel, malleable iron, hard bronze, the grinding performance of this kind of abrasive is good, adaptability is wide, commonly used at excising the kibble of larger surplus, low-cost, can use extensively. White corundum emery wheel: Bai Gangyu's hardness corundum of palm of summary prep above, tenacity is lower than palm corundum, when grinding, grind an easy disintegrate, accordingly, grinding quantity of heat is small, make essence of life grind the emery wheel that quenchs steel, high-carbon steel, high-speed steel and spare parts of grinding thin wall are used aptly, cost is higher than palm corundum. Black carborundum emery wheel: The gender is fragile and black carborundum is sharp, hardness is taller than Bai Gangyu, comfortable at the material with grinding machinery inferior intensity, wait like cast-iron, brass, aluminium and fireproof material. Green carborundum emery wheel: Brittleness of green carborundum hardness is blacker carborundum is tall, wear bead sharp, thermal conductivity is good, agree with the hard fragile data such as grinding hard alloy, optical glass, pottery and porcelain. Chromic corundum emery wheel: Comfortable at grinding cutting tool, measure, appearance, the surface such as whorl processes the work with quality high demand. Emery wheel of single crystal corundum: Comfortable the workpiece that at the tenacity such as high-speed steel of grinding stainless steel, tall vanadium the stuff with big, expensive hardness reachs changeful form burn. Microcrystalline corundum emery wheel: Comfortable wait at steel of grinding stainless steel, bearing and special type nodular cast iron, use at shaping to grind, cut grind, mirror grinding. Zirconium corundum emery wheel: Comfortable at grinding alloy of stainless steel of body of abstruse an ancient nationality in China, titanium, heat-resisting alloy, particularly comfortable at weighing bear grinding. 2.

The choice of granuality basically depends on efficiency of the grinding that be mixed by the exterior surface roughness of grinding workpiece. Granuality is the particle size that points to abrasive, its size indicates with size number (see a table 1) . When using grinding of thick granuality emery wheel, manufacturing efficiency is tall, but grind the workpiece appearance that give coarser; When spending emery wheel grinding with granule, it is better to grind the workpiece surface surface roughness that go out, and productivity is inferior. Below the premise that asks in contented surface roughness, answer to choose the emery wheel of thick granuality as far as possible, in order to assure taller grinding efficiency. Thick granuality emery wheel is chosen when general kibble, fine granuality emery wheel is chosen when essence of life is ground. Contact when emery wheel and workpiece when the area is larger, want to choose the emery wheel with a few thicker granuality. For example, the plane with same grinding, the size that compares the circumjacent grinding that uses emery wheel to choose with the end panel grinding of emery wheel wants some thicker. The emery wheel of distinct size its suitable scope (see a table 2) . 3.

The choice of hardness basically depends on quality of surface of the treatment that be mixed by efficiency of the workpiece material of grinding, grinding. Hardness is to point to emery wheel to leave the difficult easy rate that grinds bead to fall off in outside force action, worry the demand of treatment to get used to different workpiece material, the grade that time of production emery wheel becomes different rigidity (see a table 3) . Emery wheel is chosen excellently, grind grind bead dully to fall off not easily, emery wheel is easy jam, grinding heat increases, workpiece easy burn, grinding efficiency is low, affect workpiece surface quality; Emery wheel is chosen too softly, grind bead to still be in sharp when fall off, increased emery wheel loss, easy lose correct geometrical figure, affect workpiece precision. So the choice of emery wheel hardness wants proper, the element such as the bond sort of the means that still should accumulate appearance of size, workpiece, grinding according to emery wheel and workpiece interface, cooling means, emery wheel will consider integratedly. Hardness of following emery wheel chooses a principle to offer reference: A.

Harder emery wheel should be chosen when grinding weak data, soft emery wheel should be chosen when grinding hard data; B.

When the nonferrous metal with grinding is soft and big tenacity, hardness should be chosen a few softlier; C.

The material with grinding poor thermal conductivity should choose softer emery wheel; D.

End panel is ground when comparing circumferential grinding, emery wheel hardness should be chosen some softer; E.

Below similar grinding requirement, the hardness that compares emery wheel of bond of pottery and porcelain with colophony bond emery wheel wants tall 1~2 small step; F.

Emery wheel rotates when rate is high, the hardness of emery wheel is optional soft 1~2 small step; G.

The small step of tall 1~2 of emery wheel hardness when wanting to be ground than working with cooling fluid grinding. 4.

The choice of bond should according to grinding method, the condition such as use speed and exterior treatment requirement gives consideration. The most commonly used emery wheel bond has bond of pottery and porcelain (V) with colophony bond (B) . Bond of pottery and porcelain is a kind of inorganic bond, chemical function stability, heat-resisting, corrosion resistance is good, porosity is big, the efficiency of emery wheel grinding that this kind of bond manufactures tall, wear and tear is small, can better land maintains the geometrical appearance of emery wheel, applied range is the widest. Comfortable at grinding common carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast-iron, hard alloy, nonferrous metal. But, brittleness of emery wheel of bond of pottery and porcelain is bigger, cannot suffer acuteness vibration. Can be in 35 meters only commonly / use below the speed of second less than. Colophony bond is a kind of organic bond, the emery wheel strength that this kind of bond creates is high, have certain flexibility, hear resistance is low, good from acute sex, make handy, craft cycle is short. Can make working rate prep above 50 meters / the emery wheel of the second and very thin emery wheel. Its applied limits is next to bond of pottery and porcelain, use extensively at kibble, barren to grind, cut off and free grinding, if grind steel ingot, cast hits burr to wait. Can make high speed, Gao Guangjie spend emery wheel, heavy load, cut off and the emery wheel of all sorts of special requirements. 5.

Material of method of the pressure of the organization that chooses to basically consider work place to suffer, grinding, workpiece is qualitative wait. The organization is the per cent that a place grinds to constitute emery wheel bulk in pointing to emery wheel. Of order and degree of emery wheel organization differentiating is with the concentration percentage by volume wearing bead of 62% number is " 0 " number organization, every reduce the volume that wear bead 2% , its organization raises, the rest may be deduced by analogy, assign 15 number in all. Name number is larger, the organization is more loose (see a table 4) . Organize close together emery wheel to be able to wear a finer workpiece face, organize loose emery wheel, because gap is big, in can assuring grinding process, accommodate worry bit, avoid emery wheel to jam. Kibble and grinding are normally softer when the metal, emery wheel is easy jam, should choose the emery wheel of loose organization; Shape when grinding and nicety are ground, to maintain the geometrical appearance of emery wheel and the surface roughness with get better, should choose the emery wheel of more close together organization; When slideway of grinding machine tool and hard alloy tool, to reduce workpiece heat is out of shape, avoid burn flaw, appropriate uses the emery wheel of loose organization; Grinding heats up appropriate of the stuff with quick old sex, nonferrous metal, metalloid material to use the emery wheel that is more than 12# organization. 6.

The choice of appearance and dimension should choose according to grinder condition and workpiece appearance. Appearance of commonly used emery wheel has flat look emery wheel (P) , bosseyed sunken emery wheel (PDA) , double-faced sunken emery wheel (PSA) , chip emery wheel (PB) , canister form emery wheel (N) , bowl form emery wheel (BW) , dish form an emery wheel (D1) etc. The emery wheel figure that every kinds of grinder can use and dimension have certain limits. Below probable condition, the external diameter of emery wheel should be chosen a few more greatly as far as possible, in order to increase the linear velocity of emery wheel, acquire taller productivity and workpiece surface quality, emery wheel width increases to also can achieve similar result. Show GB emery wheel to write order: Emery wheel code name, dimension (aperture of × of ply of external diameter × ) , grind linear velocity of bead, granuality, hardness, organization, bond, top job. Exemplify: 150 × of P400 × 203A60L5B35 2, the choice diamond emery wheel of diamond emery wheel compares the role of emery wheel blade that waits to grind bead to be made commonly with carbonization boron, carborundum, corundum small, life grows sharp, wear and tear, productivity quality of tall, treatment is good, but the price is high, apply to essence of life to grind hard alloy, pottery and porcelain, semiconductor to wait for material of difficult treatment of tall hardness brittleness consequently. The feature of diamond emery wheel includes appearance of abrasive sort, granuality, hardness, chroma, bond, emery wheel and measure. Abrasive: Use making synthetic diamond extensively (JR) , according to its crystallization appearance and grain intensity, distribute all sorts of model, by its specific utility chooses model. Granuality: Should mix with productivity of workpiece surface roughness, grinding of diamond use up 3 respects to consider integratedly. Hardness: Only emery wheel of colophony bond diamond just has " hardness " this one character. Use S commonly (Y1) class or taller. Bond: Commonly used bond has 4 kinds, its combine ability and wearability with colophony, pottery and porcelain, bronze, report plating metal is foreword, ordinal gradually strong. Efficiency of grinding of emery wheel of colophony bond diamond is tall, good by treatment workpiece surface roughness, suitable scope is wide, good from acute sex, jam not easily, calorific amount is small, yi Xiu is whole, basically use at foreword of grinding work of essence of life. Emery wheel of diamond of bond of pottery and porcelain basically is used at all sorts of metalloid hard fragile data, hard alloy, grinding that exceeds hard data to wait. Chroma: Of efficiency of method of the granuality that chroma chooses to want a basis to use emery wheel, bond, appearance, treatment, production and emery wheel life ask and decide. The ability that emery wheel of high concentration diamond retains emery wheel form is strong, when grinding of low density emery wheel, of diamond use up often some lower, answer to be chosen according to needing take into consideration the circumstances. Appearance and dimension: The appearance that presses workpiece, dimension and machine tool condition are chosen. 3, cubic nitrogen changes boron (CBN) the nitrogen of choice cubic metre of emery wheel changes boron (CBN) the cubic nitrogen of emery wheel changes boracic grain to be stuck in surface of common emery wheel to have only very thin one, its grind a tenacity, hardness, durability is corundum kind 100 times of emery wheel, the most comfortable at machining hardness tall, agglutinant intensity of big, high temperature is tall, hot conductivity is low grind rolled steel and high speed hard or exceed high speed grinding. The move since its application limits and making synthetic diamond is mutual additional action. Diamond emery wheel is when grinding hard alloy and metalloid material, have distinct effect, but when grinding steel expects, especially when steel of grinding special type, the effect is not distinct. Cubic nitrogen converts steel of grinding of boracic emery wheel efficiency compares corundum kind emery wheel wants tall close hundredfold, taller than diamond emery wheel fivefold, but grinding brittleness material not as good as diamond. The option of the choice that cubic nitrogen influences boracic emery wheel and diamond emery wheel is similar. But choose in bond on, it is colophony bond for the most part, take second place is to eletroplate, metallic bond. Emery wheel of CBN of bond of pottery and porcelain basically is used at the grinding of the black metal of the difficult treatment such as titanium alloy, high-speed steel, malleable iron, emery wheel of colophony bond CBN applies to grinding ferromagnetism material, it is the good choice that processes rolled steel. Chroma of CBN emery wheel is chosen between 100%~150% commonly relatively economy is sound, it cannot use common cutting liquid, require special cutting juice. 4, the emery wheel of choice air aperture of atmosphere aperture emery wheel is had when grinding be jammed not easily, durability is tall wait for an advantage by force with cutting ability. The thick, essence that applies to soft metal and the metalloid material such as plastic, rubber and leather is ground. In the meantime, it is had medicinal powder the characteristic with fast heat, be in so grinding a few heat are the stuff with quick old sex, thin in mural workpiece and foreword of dry grinding work (for example blade grinds hard alloy cutting tool and machine tool slideway to wait) have favorable effect. The production method of atmosphere aperture emery wheel and emery wheel of bond of general pottery and porcelain is basic and same. Differentia is the dose increasing opening that increases certain amount in burden China and foreign countries, it volatilizes completely before emery wheel agglomeration or be burned ashes, produce atmosphere aperture thereby. Limits of production of atmosphere aperture emery wheel is: Abrasive chooses carbide and corundum to wait commonly, if have black carborundum commonly usedly (C) , green carborundum (GC) with Bai Gangyu (WA) wait for a few kinds, tall, sex is fragile and the hardness of these abrasive is sharp, have good heat conduction and electric property; Abrasive granuality (36#~180# ) ; Bond (bond of pottery and porcelain) ; Hardness (G~M is various) ; Appearance (flat look, cup form, bowl form or dish form) ; Stomatic dimension (about 0.

7~1.

4 millimeter) . Subordinate list: Planar grinding emery wheel chooses referenced watch CNC Milling